Developing Countries in Africa
Developing countries in Africa are still struggling with a number of issues that range from terrorism and violence to poverty and inequality. These issues are a serious concern for the entire continent, and they will continue to be a major issue in the near future. In this article we'll explore a few of the main problems and ways to solve them. We'll also look at how to evaluate social development in terms of public life, education, and welfare.
Tuberculosis is a major cause of death in the population
Tuberculosis is a disease that affects the lungs. It is a very serious illness, with a mortality rate of around 89,000 people a year. The disease is especially deadly for people with HIV. However, there are effective treatments available in South Africa.
Tuberculosis is an airborne infection that occurs when a bacterium enters the lungs. TB can be treated with anti-retroviral drugs and antibiotics. Unfortunately, some strains of TB are drug-resistant. These resistant strains are becoming more common, making treatment more difficult.
The number of people falling sick with TB has gone down since 2005. Despite this, there are still many areas where TB remains a problem. Moreover, the cost of treating a TB episode is a significant burden for poor families.
Lack of access to electricity limits adoption of emerging technologies
In a recent study, Armey and Hosman (2016) analyzed the relationship between electricity and mobile connectivity in developing countries. Their results reveal that mobile connectivity increases with access to electricity. Moreover, rural users who have access to electricity are more likely to receive SMS and incoming communications. Consequently, their usage of mobile connectivity increases.
According to the International Energy Agency, there are 531 million people without access to electricity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in 2030. This is less than half of the total population in SSA.
As a result, it is not surprising that the most significant contributor to digital inclusion in SSA is access to electricity. Electrification programs have made substantial progress over the past two decades. Although the IEA estimates the number of people without access to power is still high, many of these countries are well on their way to achieving near-universal access.
Press freedom in non-communist developing countries
One could be forgiven for assuming that the aforementioned accolades were bestowed upon China. This is not entirely the case, as the United States and other hemisphere nations are not averse to some form of media censorship. The aboveground and underground media are no exceptions. With respect to China's media policy, the country's liberal media agnosticism is more of a state of mind than a national policy. In this respect, the PRC is on the same level as the other nations of the African subcontinent, and if you're planning on visiting China, you'd better get in early or you might end up stranded on the other side of the Atlantic.
It is not an exaggeration that the country's citizens are apprehensive about China's future plans. Nonetheless, China's leadership has unveiled a suite of policy and economic initiatives aimed at bolstering the country's development. These include a plethora of infrastructure projects, as well as an assortment of bilateral and multilateral pacts and treaties.
Social protection for the informal sector
In Sub-Saharan Africa, informal labour markets constitute the norm. They contribute to political stability and economic development. However, the informal economy is still vulnerable to a number of economic challenges.
Informal workers are typically not covered by social protection programmes. The state can provide some protection, but it is not enough. There is a need for a comprehensive integrated model of social protection that incorporates the needs of both formal and informal workers.
The development of social protection for the informal sector in developing countries in Africa has gained critical attention in policy discourse. Several new approaches have been proposed, including the development of innovative social protection instruments. These schemes can offer preferential access to markets and business support, as well as low-interest credit.
Assessment of SD in public life, education, and welfare
It is a fact that Africa has the least number of sustainable development (SD) indicators in the world. The continent needs the most attention to achieve the global SDGs.
However, there is still plenty of room for improvement. Specifically, in low-income countries, many children have been unable to receive a full education. Some have even been harmed by war or natural disasters. As a result, countries are finding it difficult to rebuild their economies. In addition, there is a learning crisis looming over many of the world's most vulnerable communities.
Although the Human Capital Index, or HCI, measures the contribution of health and education to productivity, it also indicates the extent to which the next generation will be able to earn a decent living. This is done by measuring the future income of the children born today.
